On March 27, 2026, the Japanese government announced a new basic plan outlining the direction of its science and technology policy for the next five years [1]. The plan includes a significant expansion of public and private research and development (R&D) investment, targeting a total of ¥180 trillion [1]. A key feature of the plan is the promotion of 'dual-use' technologies, which can be utilized for both civilian and military purposes, and the integration of science and technology policy with national security objectives [1].
The plan aims to leverage advancements in science and technology to drive economic growth and address societal challenges. It specifically highlights strengthening dual-use technologies to contribute to the security sector, and fostering collaboration between the government and private sector to create competitive technologies [1]. Government officials stated, "By expanding R&D investment to the scale of ¥180 trillion through public-private collaboration, we aim to promote innovation and strengthen international competitiveness" [1].
Investment priorities include cutting-edge fields such as artificial intelligence (AI), quantum technology, and biotechnology. The plan also encompasses measures for nurturing researchers and securing talent, with the goal of enhancing Japan's scientific and industrial competitiveness [1].
Implementation will proceed as each ministry and relevant agency formulates specific policies and investment plans based on the basic plan, with execution carried out through public-private partnerships [1].
CONCLUSION
Japan's new science and technology policy signals a major commitment to innovation and competitiveness, with a ¥180 trillion R&D investment target and a focus on dual-use technologies. The plan is expected to have a high market impact, particularly in sectors related to AI, quantum, and biotechnology, as government and private entities collaborate to drive growth and address security needs.